英语使用准确，查英文词典

echoes：得到回应时用response

2.pay重复罗嗦是语病

崇尚简洁，不要同一个意思说2个词

4.去掉无用词，一个词能表达就不要用多个

5.演讲中短句作排

脑‘海中有画面感ㄧㄧ描述、加个词

appropr干at

多用名词动词

任务 8 巧用语言

1. Use language clearly.

 最重要

a.Accurate meaning of words;

2)Pay attention to shades of meaning

a.Negative/ Positive; Formal, Informal

符合你的大学水平；符合情感；还要有感染力

3) Avoid redundancy

同义词的形容词没必要重复

4) Avoid clusters

简洁句子

5) Avoid "poetic" language

2. Use language vividly

1) Create word pictures

   Mary Fisher-" A Whisper of AIDS"

2017哥伦比亚大学毕业演讲

2)Parrel wording

Abraham Lincoln-the Gettysburg Address

Viola Davis's specch at the Oscars, 2017

3. Use language approriately

英语中，用girl指woman，有歧视意义

所有的businessman, spokenman换成businessperson, spokenperson

不要用俚语

假设性例子，用"he or she"，不要he

4.Golden rules

1) Use nouns and verbs, 少用adj

动词active, 英语喜欢

2)Trust your ears

Speeches are written for ears.

语言使用要谨慎，不要讲中文性带进去

语言要简练，词汇不可以太简单例如bad sad可以用miserble推荐听一下Mary Fisher的演讲生动形象有画面感

a diverse assembly of voices多用形容词的排比讲到女性时用women避免用girl语言要选择偏正式的口语避免在大主观问题时只用he不用she

use language effectively

use language clearly

  1. make sure the word means what you think it means 

   2. pay attention to shades of meaning

cohort / colleagues 

bad/ insidious

sad / miserable

   3. avoid redundancy 

fearless and courageous warrior

   4. avoid clusters

so actually machine is overforming in a lot of areas compared with man.

machine ourperforms man in many areas.

   5. avoid "poetic" ambiguity 

辞藻堆砌过多、修饰成分太多，不够准确、简洁、直接。

use language vividly 

1. create word pictures 

Mary Fisher --A Whisper of AIDS

2017哥伦比亚大学毕业演讲

2. parallel wording 

Viola Davis's speech at teh Oscars, 2017

use language appropritately

1. be sensitive to the audience

2. avoid slang

3. avoid the generic "he" in hypothetical examples 

golden rules for writing a speech

1. use nouns and verbs 

2. trust your ears 

speeches are written for ears.