- 词汇翻译拉仇恨
阅卷老师A:空白的如此诡异是要跟我表白吗?
阅卷老师B:疯狂热爱拼音的童鞋求放过!
- 词汇的记忆面包
- 词根词缀记忆法=词根词缀意义+单词意义+联想
hierarchical
[词根] arch 弓箭、首领、统治者
[前缀] hier- 神圣的
[后缀] -al 属....的,具有...特点的
monarch君主;国王;女王
anarchy无政府状态
patriarchy父权制的社会(或制度、组织)
- 前缀/含义/例词
dis-不disagree, dishonest
in-不incorrect, informal
mid-....间midway, midnight
en-使....enrich, enable
- 名词后缀/含义/例词
-or表示职业actor, director
-hood表示身份、性质boyhood, neighborhood
-ship表示状态、身份leadership, friendship
-dom表示状态、领域freedom, kingdom
- 形容词后缀/含义/例词
-able / -ible.....的,能...的suitable, visible
-al属于....的,具...特点的personal, industrial
-ish有....属性的foolish, selfish
-ive....倾向的active, effective
- 近义词联想记忆:词以类聚义以群分
- 快乐的:hilarious;happy;joyous;excited;cheerful;thrilled
- 不快乐的:gloomy;depressed;unhappy;sad;upset;blue
- 单词规划小秘书:百词斩,扇贝
- 像读小说一样读单词
- 像强迫症一样做List
- 像玩游戏一样打通关
- 像追欧巴一样追名词:
refusev. 拒绝 ——refusal n.拒绝
consciousadj. 意识到的;注意到的—— consciousness n.知觉;感觉
cautiousadj. 小心的;谨慎的——caution n.小心;谨慎;慎重
pregnantadj. 怀孕的;妊娠的——pregnancy n.怀孕(期);妊娠(期)
anxiousadj. 焦虑的;担忧的—— anxiety n.焦虑;忧虑
- 翻译技巧连连看
- 词语替换:
- 用词意相近的词来替换不会翻译的词
- 替换难度:形容词<动词<名词
- 适用范围:部分形容词、名词及动词
- 形容词替Example:大熊猫是一种温顺的动物,长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量极少,大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。(2014年12月CET-4)
[温顺的]docile, meek, tame——温柔的gentle——温和的mild——待人友好的friendly
[濒危]endangered——将近灭绝的nearly extinct——即将消失的disappearing——即将死亡的dying
- 词性转换
- 名词转换为动词Example:中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划,其中包括到2020年建成一个太空站。(2015年6月CET-4)
太空探索计划space exploration plan————探索(名词)计划+计划探索(动词)太空China launched its ambitious plans to ____ (探索)the space————explore, discover, probe, grope, search, take a trip to
- 动词转换名词Example:元宵有“团圆”之意,因此吃元宵喻示着家庭团圆、和谐幸福。
喻示signify————喻示(动词)一是 /为.....的喻示(名词)Eating yuanxiaoisa ) (喻示) of family reunion and a happy and harmonious family life.————sign, symbol, token, mark
- 增添/删减.:为优化、符合译入语而改变词量
- 增词不增意Example :大熊猫是一种温顺的动物,长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量极少,大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。(2014年12月CET-4)
[温顺的动物] animals that are easy to be controlled
[濒危物种] species that are decreasing in number
- 减词不减意Example:时间的齿轮飞K速运转,中国也面临许多新的挑战。
不翻译[齿轮]影响句意吗?Time flies fast, and China is now facing many new challenges.
- 文化名词
- 中国传统文化特色名词:拼音+解释性信息
Example:每年农历的五月初五端午节是我国重要的传统节日,家家户户都会包粽子。
[粽子] rice dumpling无法替换?无法转换词性?无法忽略?
zongzi (a kind of dumpling made by sticky rice wrapped in bamboo leaves)
- 课后功夫不可少
- 重点词汇记心间:四级翻译词汇重点:常见中国文化传统词汇
Example:每年农历的五月初五是端午节。重点点拨:农历日期如何用英语表达?
农历: the lunar calendar;
日期+ in/ of the lunar calendar
May fifth in / of the lunar calendar each year is the Dragon Boat Festival.
- 课后练习随手做:
- 词语替换
- 中国在几年内将成为世界上最大的、最有价值的电子商务市场。
In a few years, China will become the world's largest, most valuable 1 precious 1 priceless I significant e-commerce market.
(2)《诗经》 收录了诗歌305篇。
The Book of Songs_ collects / contains / includes 1 consists of_305 poems.
- 词性转换
- 中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的,经过数百年不断的改进,已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。
The Chinese knot was firstly invented by craftsman and it has become an elegant art after hundred years of improvement.
- 如今,人们习武则是出于防身、竞技、娱乐,以及增进身心健康等目的。
At present, people practice martial arts to defend, compete, and entertain, as well as to improve their mental and physical health.
- 增添/删减
- 高速铁路的优点是速度快,能源消耗低,环境影响小,安全性能好,正点率高,乘坐舒适方便。
One of the advantages of high-speed railway is that the trains usually arrive on time.
- 水立方的设计理念极富创新精神,将建筑物的象征意义和独特的水泡结构巧妙结合。
The innovative design of concept of the "water cube" combines the symbolism of the architecture with the unique water bubble structure.
- 文化名词
- 在中国,有些人用面粉做面包,但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。
In China, some people use flour to make bread while the majority use it to make noodles and_ mantou, a kind of traditional Chinese staple food.
- 蹴鞠流行于汉朝,在唐朝时达到顶峰。
Cuju, a kind of football in ancient China, became popular in the Han Dynasty, and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty.