Factors that affect the acquisition of L2 form-meaning mappings

1 Semantic interference in translation recognition after one lesson but only if words learned with pictures, not translations (Comersana et al., 2009)

2 Semantic interference in translation only for immersion learners, and not for classroom learners matched for proficiency (Linck, Kroll & Sunderman, 2009)

3 Automatic L2-L1 semantic priming for early learners, who had learned their L2 through immersion (Silverberg & Samuel, 2004)

4 Semantic priming frim newly learned words only for associates that occurred in the learning context (Williams & Cheung, 2011). An episodic view of word learning.