4.Elements of narrative writing

Settig:

Characters:

plot:

Mood:

Theme:The basic idea of the story

5.Structure of narrative essay:

Introduction

Body

Conclusion:a moral

Example

fact/opinion

descriptive ---- to stimulate the reader's senses

narrative ---- to entertain, captivate by telling a story

argumentative ---- to argue for a point

expository----- to present/ expose information; to explain

if you do not put that away right now,you and i are gonna have problems,Carla snarled as janet scribbled in her writer's notebook.

以描述开始

millie's face turned red when she entered the room. Stapled on the walls all around were poctures of her.above the dresser was a poster-size photograph of her eighth grade graduation.to the left of the door was a collage of all her school pictures  how had someone she had never seen before created such a monument in her honor?

jason's house was a lot like a mmuseum. there were pretty,breakable objects everywhere ans you were not allowed to touch a thing.

以背景信息开始

kevin was accustomed to being first.Since he had started track,a sixth grader on the high school team,he had always been a champion.

as long as she could remember,d's name had always been moispronounced by the teacher on the first day of school.

以人物的心理描写开始

not this time,you won't,I thought as I stood there staring into my father's eyes.I picked up the basketball and began to dribble with my left hand.

增加张力

that was a freezing Christmas,and the state forecasted heavy snowfall.I went out partying with my friends ...i came home in high spirits of ecstasy only to be greeted by your stony face.

here,your christmas present,i bought you this,you said calmly

i opened it and a pink bear fell out and landed on my knees,i stared at the bear in disbelief

taking it by the arm,i flung is across the room in disgust 

i stormed out of the house,into the smow outside 

riya opened the door quietly and walkeed into the yard  Riya stood still time flied unconsciously An enormousy giant spaceship overlapped the round moon once by the time Riya was too terrified to speak or even shout.Suddenly,a sprawling wind encompassing Riya's body and a human-like creature moving towards Riya

故事放缓

结尾部分

说明或指明故事中冲突的结果

好的故事结尾也可出自人物的主要行动

iwalked towards the shelf where the girl had left ther 

chinese have an unique and interesting norm of the practices of name giving when there is a newly-born child.there ar echiefly three common practices of name giving in China.

things like palatable dishes they eat,outstanding beautician they recommend,changeable weather in their citities.

believe it or not,it was reported that James Cameron,the renowned movie director,once used

说明文不能出现“It is not surprising”,"No wonder","In a certain sense"这种表达主观情感的语句

私人求职文书 Letter writing of application

文秘写作   secretarial writing

外贸业务文书 foreign trade correspondence

speech

book report

literature review

program description

正式语体

词汇：长的，音节多

非谓语形式比从句形式正式

让步状语从句however, whoever, whenever, whatever 比no matter how... 正式

倒装句比不装句正式

介词提前比介词不提前更正式

使用衔接语

时间，字数，质量

体例，拼写，标点，术语

文体，词汇，句式

Revise 5-10minutes

content        40%

organization   30%

language       30%

Content

add details, evidence, examples, explanations

开头添加topic sentence

末尾添加explanation

Organization

check transition过渡

To develop a point further

To address a counterargument

Language polishments

 Argumentation

central idea---proving_---logical reasoning

examples

research

2. title

introduction

body (IELTS)

3. title: after writing then you can figuire out the title.

Active verbs

Ving

4. introduction

methods: A story(striking image or true anecdotes or hypothetical example )

         B question

         C quotation

         D shocking statistics 

5. thesis (controlling idea)

Body parts

1. body parts and topic sentences

   general---specific

   most important---least important

   weakest claim---strongest claim

2. supporting ideas

   facts

   analogy

   authoritative testimony

   personal experience

   statistics

3. countering the opposition

   locating: after 

Conclusion

预言后果法法

without practical responses to the issue of sustainable fishing ... ...

1.six sides

describe

compare

associate

analyze

apply

argue for or against

2015 final

2. 2016 Has man a future?

3.shuomingwen 

spoke diagram

4.listing or bullleting

highlights--- topics

5.venn diagram

bijiao shuomingwen

6. T diagram

7. Tree Diagram

central idea

supporting ideas

feilei shuomingwen

8. act like a journalist

question words

narration

5ws and how

(1)introduction

(2)Revising for better content

Re-read the essay prompt to see if your draft has fully addressed the topic.then,

1,Doing nothing:If you think the draft is clear enough,then do nothing.

2,Add information:If you find any parts unclarified,you can add detail,evidence,example,explanation,etc

3,Cut information:If you find a sentence is not related to the topic or you are repeating some ideals,cut them.

(3)improving organization

(4)Refinding Language

online learning is causing a revolution

in education,but its benefits need to be

measured ag against its abilitie

in addition lighting levels

 evidencely 

 hence

in conclusion

likewise

likewise是一个介词，意思是“同样的”，而me too的意思是“我也是”。likewise可以在句子里面，相当于also，但是更正式。me too本身是一个独立的句子，而且比较口语化。
举个例子：
They go by car and I do likewise. 他们坐车去，我也同样。
"They are going by car." "Me too." “他们坐车去。”“我也是。”
在更正式的场合或者论文中应当尽量使用likewise，而日常生活中的口语里me too可以使用。

similarly

in the same manne

以同样的方式

 r

whereas 

（用以比较或对比两个事实）但是,然而 
Some praise him,whereas others condemn him.
有些人赞扬他,而有些人谴责他

nevertheless

instead

conversely

by the same token 出于同样原因; 由此类推  

apart from(apart from the cost, the hat suits me well.)

on the top of that(besides)

1.rebuttal paragraph

2.足够的论证

3.不偏题！

phenomenon phenomena

basis bases 

crisis crises

medium media

environment-friendly (sth)

protect the environment(sb)

主动态 consist  

requiare mending  

wear smooth

be polite

ace their exams考试取得好成绩

能用10个字表达不要用20个字